ANCIENT AND NEW MENORAHS - 16th Century

This website shows historic menorahs from the sixteenth century. Menorah illustrations from other centuries:  Ancient Menorahs until the 1st century, 2nd century3rd century4th century, 5th century6th-10th century, 11th-13th century, 14th century, 15th century, 17th century18th century, 19th century, 20th century21st century Coins and Medals 

 

Medieval book of Tewkesbury abbey menorah. MS. Top. Glouc. d. 2

16th century (beginning). Founder's and benefactors' book of Tewkesbury abbey. Fol. 24r: Edward Despenser (d. 1375), nephew of Hugh III, model knight and generous benefactor. In full armour with visor open, wearing fur-lined mantle over heraldic surcoat, he presents a decorative seven-armed candlestick with burning tapers with his right hand and holds his unsheathed sword upright with the other. Place of origin: Tewkesbury, England. Shelfmark: MS. Top. Glouc. d. 2. Source: Link

Pilgrimage scroll with menorah from 16th century. Jewish Menorah Jerusalem. Garrett Hebrew MS. 4

16th century. The two parchment strips (see images below) appear to be remnants of a lost 16th-century Hebrew pilgrimage scroll, probably brought back from the Holy Land by a Jewish pilgrim. The fragments depict Temple utensils (sometimes called Sanctuary implements) used in religious ceremonies at Jerusalem’s ancient Temple; as well as the recommended itinerary for other Jewish sacred places in the Holy Land. Garrett Hebrew MS. 4. Professor Susan Einbinder, University of Connecticut.  Link

Menorah in The gifts for the tabernacle Woodcut French scool

1501-1551. Title: The gifts for the tabernacle. Scenes of the Old Testament, Joseph and Moses. Woodcut by Pierre Raefe (involved person), French scool. Dimensions: height x width: 59 x 76 mm (sheet). © Herzog August Bibliothek Wolfenbüttel, Germany. Source:  Link1Link2

Nicolaus de Lyra Menorah Bible Biblie from 16th century

1501 / 1506. Nicolaus de Lyra: "Biblie iampridem renouate pars ... / 1: Co[m]plecte[n]s pentateuchu[m] vna cu[m] glosa ordinaria et litterali moraliq[ue] expositione Nicolai de lyra, necno[n] additio[n]ibus Burge[n]sis ac replicis Thorin..." and "Textus biblie: Cu[m] Glosa ordinaria, Nicolai de lyra postilla, Moralitatibus eiusdem, Pauli Burgensis Additio[n]ibus, Mattie Thoring Replicis. Prima pars..." Published in Basel (Switzerland). Bayerische Staatsbibibliothek, Germany. Source:  Link1Link2Link3

The Marriage of the Virgin by Vittore Carpaccio seven branched candelabrum menorah temple of Jerusalem, 1505

1505. The Marriage of the Virgin by Vittore Carpaccio (1465-1526, Italian painter of the Venetian school). Oil on canvas; 130×140cm. In the presence of a  crowd, the marriage of the Virgin is celebrated inside a church. The girl is kneeling before the priest, ready to combine her life with Joseph, portrayed next to her. The presence of Hebrew writings on the opposite wall covered with precious marbles, and the seven-branched candelabrum suggest that it is the temple of Jerusalem.  Source:  Link1,  Link2

wooden menorah converted in christian cross Palacio Olvidados Spain

16th century. A wooden menorah, a 7-branched Jewish candlestick, which can be converted into a Christian cross by removing the upper section, from the collection of the Crespo Lopez family exhibited in the 16th century Palacio de los Olvidados or Palace of the Forgotten, in El Albayzin, the medieval Moorish old town of Granada, Andalusia, Southern Spain.Casa Sefardi. Palacio de Los Olvidados, Granada (Spain). Source:  Link1,  Link2,  Link3,  Link4

Questions and Answers by Benjamin Ben Matityahu Arta with menorah image Parma

16th century. Questions and Answers by Benjamin Ben Matityahu Arta. The Palatina Library, Parma, Italy Cod. Parm. 2999. © Biblioteca Palatina in Parma. This photo is only a screenshot from the website of the National Library of Israel. Source:  Link1,  Link2

Menorah in Textus Bibliae, printed in Lyon. Textus biblie Nicolaus de Lyra

1510. Textus Bibliae, printed in Lyon. Title: "Textus biblie : Cu[m] Glosa ordinaria, Nicolai de lyra postilla, Moralitatibus eiusdem, Pauli Burge[n]sis Additio[n]ibus, Matthi[a]e Thoring Replicis." Person involved: Conradus Leontorius; Matthias Döring, Matthias; Nicolaus < de Lyra>. Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin - Preußischer Kulturbesitz, Germany (Shelfmark 2" Bg 2110-1). Source: Link

Cod. hebr. 137 from Hamburg with menorah Yiddish

1513. Cod. hebr. 137. From the collection of The Hamburg State and University Library Carl von Ossietzky, Hamburg, Germany. Language: Yiddish. Place of writing: Alexandria (Egypt). This photo is only a screenshot from the website of the National Library of Israel. Please see the original website to get better quality. Source:  Link1,  Link2

Aarhus Cathedral Menorah Leuchter Denmark

1515. Aarhus Cathedral (Denmark). The seven-armed candlestick made by Dirk Kron from Lübeck (Germany). The candelabra first leads the dew-shaped arms up in a quarter circle, only to suddenly move them into the vertical. At the top the thin arms are connected by a crossbar. Photo: Museum für Kunst- u. Kulturgeschichte, Lübeck. Source:  Link1Link2 

Latin Bible. Biblia cum concordantijs veteris et noui testamenti with menorah image

1515. Latin Bible. Title: "Biblia cum concordantijs veteris et noui testamenti et sacrorum canonum: necnon et additionibus in marginibus varietatis diuer sorum textuum: ac etiam canonibus antiquis quattuor euangeliorum... (Epistola beati Hieronymi ad Paulinum). Printed in Lyon and Nürnberg. Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin - Preußischer Kulturbesitz. Source:  Link1Link2 

Dubbele bokaal waarvan menorah

1516-1556. Title: "Dubbele bokaal waarvan de deksel bekroond wordt door een tempeltje." Double cup whose lid is crowned by a small temple, anonymous, after Cornelis Bos. Grotesque flat decorations with candelabra, mythological figures, fabulous creatures, scrolls and trophies (serial title). Antwerp, Netherlands. Rijksmuseum. Source:  Link1,   Link2

Menorah Biblia Italiana Menorah Malerbi, Biblia vulgare

1517. Biblia vulgare. Italian Bible (Biblia italiano). Publication: Venezia: per Georgio de Rusconi milanese, adi secondo del mese di marzo. Other Author/Name: Malerbi, Nicolò (ca. 1420-1482?), Aristeas, Pontio, Bartolomeo (15th century), Donati, Lamberto (1890-1982). Images Copyright: Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana. Shelfmark Inc.II.103. Source: Link

Biblia menorah ark of the covenant, the seven-branched candlestick

1518. The ark of the covenant, the seven-branched candlestick and the table with the show-breads (Die Bundeslade, der siebenarmige Leuchter und der Tisch mit den Schaubroten). The page first appeared in: "Biblia cum concordantiis Veteris et Novi Testamenti et sacrorum canonum, 1518." Involved person: Erhard Schön (shape cutter), Germany. Dimensions: height x width: 61 x 89 mm (sheet) & 60 x 88 mm (plate). © Herzog August Bibliothek Wolfenbüttel. Source:  Link1,  Link2

The Ark of the Covenant with menorah by Hans Holbein (1497-1543) from Germany

16th century. Series Title: Old Testament Stories. Image Title: The Ark of the Covenant, with Menorah by Hans Holbein (1497-1543) from Germany. Print, 6 x 8.8 cm. These or similar pictures were used in many Bibles. Holbein also painted portraits of the king of England Henry VIII (1491-1547) and other famous people. Bibliothèque municipale de Lyon (A16HOL000520). Source: Link

seven armed Lampstand menorah St. Nicholas' Church, Tallinn Estonia

1519. seven-armed lampstand Menorah in the church in the St. Nicholas' Church, Tallinn (Estonia). The church was founded and built around 1230–1275 by Westphalian (northwestern Germany) merchants, who came from Gotland in the 13th century. Link 3 shows a photo from 1940. Source:  Link1,  Link2Link3Link4 

Medieval Menorah, old Manuscript 1520, Bavaria, Germany

1520. Title: "Predigten" (Translated: "Sermons"). Author: Balthasar Böhm; Location: Rebdorf (Germany). Writing language: East Franconian (Bavarian). Sheet 59r: seven-armed candlestick. Series: "Catalogus codicum manu scriptorum Bibliothecae Regiae Monacensis; Tomus 6". Bayerische Staatsbibliothek München (BSB), Shelfmark: BSB-Hss Cgm 4337. Source:  Link1Link 2Link 3

Menorah in Latin Bible 16th century Lyon and Nürnberg

1521-22. Latin Bible. Title: Biblia cum concondantiis veteris et novi testamenti et sacrorum canonum, necnon additionibus in marginibus varietatis diversorum textuum, ac etiam canonibus antiquis quatuor evangliorum". Printed in Lyon and Nürnberg. Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin, Preußischer Kulturbesitz, Germany. Source: Link1Link2Link3

Menorah Rafael, Expulsion of Heliodorus from the Temple Vatican

16th century (probably 1511). Raphael, Expulsion of Heliodorus from the Temple, 252 x 416 mm Albertina, Vienna. In this scene, which the Syrian general Heliodorus tries to sack the temple in Jerusalem, his plan is thwarted thanks to prayers of the high priest. Interestingly, in this preliminary drawing, Raphael places the Menorah in a more striking position than in his final fresco in the Stanza di Heliodorus in the Vatican Museums. Vatican. Source: Link

Raphael painting with menorah and priest. The Expulsion of Heliodorus from the Temple

16th century. Anonymous from Raphael (Raffaello Sanzio da Urbino, 1483-1520), an Italian painter and architect of the High Renaissance. This picture shows only a small part of the complete painting with the menorah. First sketch for “The Expulsion of Heliodorus from the Temple.” Pen drawing, brown ink watercolored. Vienna, The Albertina Museum. Source: LinkWikipedia:  Link1Link2 

Jesus Christ Driving the Money Changers from the Temple with menorah by Benvenuto Tisi

16th century. Jesus Christ Driving the Money Changers from the Temple. Painter: Benvenuto Tisi (or Il Garofalo; ca.1481-1559) was a Late-Renaissance-Mannerist Italian painter of the School of Ferrara. His nickname, Garofalo, may derive from his habit of signing some works with a picture of a carnation (in Italian, garofano). National Galleries of Scotland, Scottish National Gallery. Source:  Link1,  Link2

The Circumcision. By Giulio Romano with menorah image

1521. Title: The Circumcision. By Giulio Romano (French name: Jules Romain; 1499-1546). Oil on wood transferred to canvas. Dimensions: Height: 115 cm (45.3 in). Width: 122 cm (48 in). Current Location: Louvre Museum. Source: Link

1523 Luther Bible Cranach Menorah

1523. German Luther Bible. Title: "Das Allte Testament deutsch, Pentateuchus", Wittemberg: Lotther. Martin Luther began to work on the OT during the printing of the September Testament in 1522. Part 1 with the complete title page appeared in 1523. It comprised the five books of Moses (Pentateuch; Torah). The title page and the 11 full-page illustrations are probably related to Lucas Cranach the Elder. (1472-1553), without the connections being known exactly. Coburg, P I 3/2. Source: Link

Lucas Cranach golden menorah table showbread tabernacle

1523-1526. Print maker: Lucas Cranach. The golden menorah and the golden table with the sacrifice of the showbread stand in the tabernacle. On the picture someone later wrote three birds at the bottom and two years (1513 and 1532) noted in pen in brown whose meaning is unclear. Rijksmuseum. Source:  Link1,  Link2Link3Link4

German Luther Bible with menorah image black and white from Wittenberg, 15th century

1523. German Luther Bible. Title: "Das Allte Testament deutsch. M. Luther. Pentateuchus". Printed in Wittenberg by Melchior Lotter. Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin, Preußischer Kulturbesitz. Source:  Link1Link2Link3Link4 

Old Testament Menorah Luther Bible 1523

1523. German Martin Luther Bible. Old Testament. Title: "Das Allte Testament deütsch" (The Old Testement German). Place of publication: Wittemberg, Publisher: Lotther. Staats- und Stadtbibliothek Augsburg (State and City Library Augsburg), Shelfmark: 2 Th B VII 10. Source:  Link1Link2  

menorah in German Martin Luther Bible, Old Testament, Title: "Pentateuchus. Das Allte Testament deutsch"

1523. German Martin Luther Bible, Old Testament, Title: "Pentateuchus. Das Allte Testament deutsch." Title page and the 11 full-page illustrations are probably related to Lucas Cranach the Elder. (1472-1553), without the contexts being known exactly. Printed in Wittenberg (Germany) by Melchior Lotter (1470-1549). BSB-Katalog, Coburg, Landesbibliothek, P I 3/2. Source: Link

Martin Luther Bible Golden Menorah 1524

1524. German Martin Luther Bible. Old Testament. Title: "Das Alte Testament mit fleyss verteutscht" (translated: "The Old Testament translated with diligence"). Printed in Nürnberg.   BSB-Katalog -> 2 L.impr.membr. 32-1; VD16 B 2677. Source:  Link 

Menorah, Luther Bible seven arms chandelier Exodus 25 woodcut 1524

1524. Old Testament (Luther Bible): Showbread table, instrument for the libation and seven arms chandelier (Exodus 25:23-40). Creator: Georg Lemberger (b. Landshut 1490/1500 - d. 1540 Leipzig, Germany). Type: Printmaking. Medium: woodcut, colored. Size: Sheet: approx. 17.5 x 11.5 cm Plate: approx. 14.5 x 9.5 cm each. Printed in Leipzig (Melchior Lotter). Source:  Link1Link2Link3

German Luther Bibles with menorah images Wittenberg

1525-1528. German Luther Bibles with menorah images in color and black and white. Title: "Das Allte testament deudsch. Martinus Luther". Printed in Wittenberg by Michael Lotter. Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin, Preußischer Kulturbesitz, Germany. Source:  Link1Link2Link3

Marriage Virgin Many Menorah Berto di Giovanni

1525. “The Marriage of the Virgin Mary” by Berto di Giovanni (died before 1529). He painted at Perugia from 1497 to 1525. He executed works for the magistrates, and was a member of the guild of that city. He painted with a predella, in the convent of Santa Maria di Monteluce at Perugia. From a series about the life of Mary. Oil on wood, 59 × 55cm. Inv. No. 303. Perugia, National Gallery of Umbria. akg-images. Source:  Link1Link2

Martinus Luther Menorah Bible German Wittemberg 1528

1528. German Martin Luther Bible. At that time, attempts were made to indicate the 22 almond blossoms of the Menorah. Title: "Das Allte testament deudsch. Martinus Luther" ("The Old Testament German. Martinus Luther"). Printed in Wittenberg, Publisher: Michael Lotter. Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin, Preußischer Kulturbesitz, Signatur: Bu 9214; VD16 B 2927. Source:  Link1Link 2 

Dutch Vorsterman-Bijbel Bible from 1528/1531 with menorah

1528-1531. Dutch Vorsterman-Bijbel from 1528/1531 with menorah. The text of the New Testament of Vorstermans first edition 1528 goes back to Luther text but 1531 to the Greek text of Erasmus. Source: Link

 Martin Luther Bible, printed in Worms (Germany) with tabernacle and menorah

1529. German Martin Luther Bible, printed in Worms (Germany) by Anton Woensam; Schöfern. Title: "Bjblia beyder Allt vnd Newen Testaments Teutsch." Stadtbibliothek Wormy. Source:  Link1,  Link2Link3  

Menorah French Bible Jacques Lefèvre d'Étaples

1530. French Bible from Jacques Lefèvre d'Étaples (1450?-1536, Translator). Printed in Antwerp by Martin Lempereur. Title: "La Saincte Bible en francoys translatee selon la pure et entiere traduction de sainct Hierome..." Bibliothèque nationale de France, département Arsenal, FOL-T-131. Source:  Link1Link2 

Biblia Menorah, Ark of the Covenant, the golden lampstand

1530. A rendering of the Ark of the Covenant, the lampstand, the table with the bread of presence, and other ritual objects. Book Title: "Biblia sacra vtriusque Testamenti: iuxta veterem translationem / qua hucusque Latina vtitur Ecclesia, ex antiquissimis ac recentioribus exemplaribus diligentissime collatis, & sicubi dissentiebant consultis fontibus, hoc est, hebraeis & graecis, voluminibus adhibitis, fidelissime restituta." Author: Peypus, Friedrich (1485-1534), printer. Germany, Nuremberg. Link

Salomon Wisdom Menorah Biblia Sacra

1530. Solomon Asks for Wisdom. Title: "Biblia sacra vtriusque Testamenti: iuxta veterem translationem / qua hucusque Latina vtitur Ecclesia, ex antiquissimis ac recentioribus exemplaribus diligentissime collatis, & sicubi dissentiebant consultis fontibus, hoc est, hebraeis & graecis, voluminibus adhibitis, fidelissime restituta. Author: Peypus, Friedrich (1485-1534), printer. Geographical Region: Germany, Nuremberg. Source: Link

German Martin Luther Bible with menorah picture, printed in Strassburg

1530 and 1535. German Martin Luther Bible, printed in Strassburg (Germany at that time, now France) by Wolff Köphl. (Title: "Die gantz Bibel Alt vnnd Neüw Testament : Register - weiset alle Historien vnd fürnehme sprüch uber beyde Alt vnd Neüw Testament. Jtem auch mitt Zweyhundert Figuren mehr dann vor hien nie jm Truck außgangen seind / Verteütscht durch Doctor M. L. [und Leo Jud]"). Badische Landesbibliothek Karlsruhe. Source:  Link1,  Link2,  Link3,  Link4 

Zurich Bible Menorah Froschauer Bible Switzerland

1531. Zurich-Bible (= Froschauer-Bible). Title: "Die gantze Bibel der ursprünglichen ebraischen und griechischen Waarheyt". Illustrations by Hans Holbein (1497-1543). Printed by Christoffel Froschouer in Zurich (Switzerland). ERARA. Source: Link

Froschauer Bible menorah Switzerland

1531 and following years. Froschauer-Bible. (Please see the colored menorah image from 1560 below). Language: German. Title: "Die gantze Bibel / der ursprünglichen ebraischen und griechischen Waarheyt nach auffs aller treüwlichest verteütschet". Publisher: Froschauer. Place of publication: Zurich, Switzerland. Source:  Link1Link2Link3Link4,  Link5 - printed 1618 by Johanns Rodolff Wolffen: Link

1533-57. Biblische Historien Figürlich fürbildet (Biblical histories depicted figuratively) by Sebald Beham. Other Editions: "Biblicae Historiae, artificiosissimis picturis effigiatae." Printed in Frankfurt (Francoforti) by Christian Egenolff. BSB, Res/P.o.lat. 1691 m, VD16 B 1475 and VD16 B 1470.

Source:  Link1-1533Link2-1533,  Link2-1536Link3-1539Link4-1557  

Sebald Beham temple devices with menorah, Tempelgeräte

1533. Temple devices (German: Tempelgeräte) with menorah. Artist: Sebald Beham (1500–1550) was a German painter and printmaker, especially noted for his engravings. Born in Nuremberg, he spent the later part of his career in Frankfurt. He was one of the most important of the "Little Masters", the group of German artists making prints in the generation after Dürer. © Herzog Anton Ulrich-Museum Braunschweig, Inventarnummer HSBeham AB 3.15rH. Source:  Link1Link2

Bugenhagen Bible with menorah Pomerania, Pommern

1533/1534. Bugenhagen Bible. This Low German Bible was printed in Lübeck. It appeared in the same year as the famous Luther Bible (complete ed.). Made by the reformer J. Bugenhagen from Pomerania (Pommern, Germany; but this area since WW2 belongs to Poland). BSB, VD16 B 2840. Source:  Link1Link2Link3 

first complete edition of the Luther Bible with menorah from 1534

1533/1534. German Martin Luther Bible. The first complete edition of the Luther Bible appeared under the title "Biblia, das ist, die gantze Heilige Schrifft Deudsch" in September 1534. For the already translated parts have been revised and improved. The first full Bible was printed in Wittenberg by Hans Lufft (1495-1584). It consists of 850 sheets (1,700 pages), divided into a total of six volumes. Landesbibliothek Coburg, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek, Germany. Source:  Link1Link2 

German Martin Luther Bible with menorah Biblia

1533/1534. German Martin Luther Bible (Title: "Biblia: Das ist die gantze Heilige Schrifft")Printed in Wittenberg through Hans Lufft. In 1534 the first complete Luther Bible appeared. It changed the world history, because it also made the Bible accessible to everyone. This edition has very beautiful images. Google Books. Source: Link

Luther Bible Menorah 1534, Herzogin Amalia Bibliothek Weimar

1534. German Martin Luther Bible. Place of publication: Wittemberg, publisher, printer: Hans Lufft.  The colourful illustrations make it one of the most beautiful bibles in the world. Title: "Biblia, das ist, die gantze Heilige Schrifft Deudsch. Mart. Luth. Wittemberg. Begnadet mit Kürfurstlicher zu Sachsen freiheit". Herzogin Anna Amalia Bibliothek in Weimar, Shelfmark: Cl I : 58 (b). Source:  Link1Link2

1543. Menorah, German Martin Luther Bible printed in Wittemberg by Hans Lufft. Biblia

1534. German Martin Luther Bible printed in Wittemberg by Hans Lufft. Title: "Biblia, das ist die gantze Heilige Schrifft Deudsch. Mart. Luth." Part 1. Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg (Germany), Shelfmark: Scrin 110: 1. Source: Link  

black white menorah image in Luther Bible Germany

1534-1599. In addition to the Bibles with color images, many cheap Bibles with black and white illustrations were produced in Germany. The goal was that everyone can buy a Bible. Title: „Biblia das ist die gantze Heilige Schrifft Deudsch. Mart. Luth.“  Printed in Wittenberg by Hans Lufft. Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin, Preußischer Kulturbesitz. Source:  Link1Link2Link3Link4

Menorah in Luther Bible

1534. German Martin Luther Bible. Printed in Wittemberg by Hans Lufft. Národní knihovna České republiky, Shelf mark: 26 D 000017/1. Manuscriptorium. Source: Link

woodcut with menorah from 16th century

16th century. Original Woodcut with menorah. Leaf: approx. 10.1 x 8.3 cm. Source: Link

Menorah image in Luther Bible Biblia printed in Frankfurt Germany

1534. German Luther Bible. Title: "Biblia: Altes vnd Newen Testament. Ausz Ebreischer vnd Griechischer Spraach gründtlich verteutscht". The Protestant and Catholic Bibles often contained the same illustrations (see Dietenberger Bible 1534 below). Printed in Frankfurt/Main (Franckfurt am Meyn). Regensburg, Staatliche Bibliothek - 999/2Script.356. Bayerische Staatsbiliothek. Source:  Link1,  Link2

Catholic Bible Menorah Dietenberger

1534. German Catholic Bible by Johann Dietenberger. In the edition of 1550 this illustration was slightly changed or mirrored (see below). This Bible was printed so that German Christians would not read the Protestant Luther Bible. Title: "Biblia, beider Allt unnd Newen Testamenten...". Printed in Cologne (Köllen) by Quentel. BSB, Res/2 B.g.cath. 6, VD16 B 2693. Source:  Link1,  Link2   

Dietenberger Bibel Menorah 1534

1534. German Catholic Bible by Johann Dietenberger. Same source as above:  Link1Link2   

Menorah in Augsburg German Martin Luther Bible 16th century

1535. German Martin Luther Bible (Biblia, Das ist, die gantze heilige Schrifft Deudsch). Printed in Augsburg (Augspurg), Germany. The Catholic Church later used the same or similar illustrations in their Bibles. Bayerische Staatsbibliothek. Source: Link

Dutch Liesvelt Bible menorah from Antwerp

1535 and 1542. Dutch Liesvelt Bible. In Antwerp, in 1526, a complete Bible translation was published for the first time in the Netherlands, printed by Jacob van Liesvelt. It was the first reformatory Bible translation in the Netherlands. The following editions contained pictures with the menorah. Source:  Link1,  Link2,  Link3

Our Father Prayer Paul Lautensack Menorah Leuchter Gott

1535. The Our Father prayer "Thy will be done" by the painter Paul Lautensack (1478–1558), Germany. Woodcut to Revelation 4-5: God with the 7 Lamps and the 4 Living Beings. In the center, the fourth of the furnishings of the Tabernacle, the menorah, flanked by one of the 7 stars and candlesticks from Revelation 1. In: Mitteilungen der Gesellschaft für vervielfältigende Kunst, 1917. Kupferstichkabinett - Staatliche Museen zu Berlin, No: KDZ 853. Source:  Link1Link2Link3 Link4 

English Coverdale Bible menorah by bishop Myles Coverdale

1535. The Coverdale Bible by bishop Myles Coverdale was the first complete Modern English translation of the Bible with the OT/NT translated from the original Hebrew and Greek. The later editions (1539) were the first complete Bibles printed in England. Postilla-print of the Tabernacle with a mistake, because it contains Dutch and German words 'west', 'nord', 'oost' and 'suiid'. Menorah with 22 almond blossoms. Source:  Link1,  Link2,  Link3

woodcut with tabernacle arc of covenant and menorah from 16th century

1536. The court of the tabernacle; with the wash basin and the horned altar, at the centre the Holy of Holies with a menorah and the Ark of the Covenant. Landscape background with a castle. Illustration designed for the Low German Bible printed by Michael Lotther in Magdeburg. Woodcut. Published in: Wittenberg. Print made by: Hans Brosamer. Printed by: Hans Lufft (?). Dimensions: Height: 120 mm, Width: 140 mm. The British Library, number 1848,0304.38. Source: Link

1537. The Triumph of Titus and Vespasian. Artist: Giulio Romano, with menorah

1537. The Triumph of Titus and Vespasian. Artist: Giulio Romano (1499–1546). Medium: Oil on panel. Height: 122 cm (48 in). Width: 171 cm (67.3 in). Current location Louvre Museum, Paris. Source: Link

English Matthew Bible with menorah by John Rogers, William Tyndale

1537. The English Matthew Bible was first published in 1537 by John Rogers, under the pseudonym "Thomas Matthew". It combined the New Testament of William Tyndale, and as much of the Old Testament as he had been able to translate before being captured and put to death, with the translations of Myles Coverdale as to the balance of the Old Testament. Source: Link

Johannes Eck Bible menorah picture

1537. German Catholic counter-bible to Martin Luther from Johannes Eck (Title: "Bibel, alt und new Testament nach dem Text in der hailigen Kirchen gebraucht durch Johann Ecken auf hochteutsch verdolmetscht"). Eck was a great opponent of Luther and wanted him to be punished and excommunicated by the Pope.Printed in Ingoldstadt. The Catholic and Protestant menorahs do not differ. Source: Link

Czech Bible, Biblij Czeska, Stary tento y Nowy Zakon menorah

1537. Czech Bible. Title: "Biblij Cžeska... Starý tento, y Nowý Zákon ... wssem wěrným yazyku a národu Cžeského k spasytedlnému wzdělanij..." Printed in Prague (Praha) by Pavel Severýn z Kapí Hory. Moravian Library in Brno, Shelf number: ST3-0037.429,A. Source: Link

Menorah Biblicae Historiae, Biblische Historien 1537

1537. Book with Bible images. Title: "Biblicae Historiae, artificiosissimè depictae. Biblische Historien figürlich fürgebildet." Language: Latin and German. Author/Artist: Francofurti Christianus Egenolphus excudebat. Bibliothèque nationale de France, département Arsenal, EST-1265. Gallica. Source: Link

Old Testament Stories. Image Solomon Lord altar, MENORAH, Hans Holbein

16th century. Series Title: Old Testament Stories. Image Title: Solomon giving oblations to the Lord before the brazen altar. Artist: Hans Holbein (1497-1543) from Germany. Print, 6 x 8.8 cm. Holbein also painted portraits of the king of England Henry VIII (1491-1547) and other famous people. Bibliothèque municipale de Lyon (A16HOL000487). Source: Link

Menorah in Solomon praying for wisdom, Salomo um die Weisheit betend Menora, Hans Holbein

16th century. Solomon praying for wisdom (Salomo um die Weisheit betend), after Hans Holbein the Younger. Copyright: Zentralbibliothek Zürich, Graphische Sammlung und Fotoarchiv. Source: Link

Hans Holbein Menorah, Solomon prays for wisdom, Salomo bidt om wijsheid

1538. "Salomo bidt om wijsheid",  Solomon prays for wisdom. Solomon kneels before the ark of the covenant with the seven-armed candlestick (menorah) and asks God for wisdom. In the margin above the image is the text II Paralip I [2 Chronicles 1]. Source:  Link1Link2Link3

Print maker Hans Holbein menorah Bible Biblia

1538. Print maker: Hans Holbein (II). Used for the first time in: Biblia Utriusque Testamenti iuxta Vulgatam Translationem, Lyon, M. and G. Trechsel (for Hugo à Porta) 1538. The same illustration was used later in different other books. Material: paper. Measurements: h 60 mm × w 85 mm. Source:  Link1,  Link2

Castellum quod intravit dominus jhesus, menorah, Joos van den Hecke, Dutch

1538. Pen drawing. 'Castellum quod intravit dominus jhesus'. Very elaborate drawing of castle with five main towers, many windows, arches, chambers, columns, staircases, symbolizing the genealogy and history of Christ and the Jewish people. Above towers, sun, moon and stars with rays. Every space is filled with figures or objects of biblical significance, minutely labelled. Menorah in one of the windows. Author: Joos van den Hecke. Dutch text. Shelfmark: MS. Douce 373. Source: Link

Menorah Bologna, Italy. Torah Ohr. Hebrew. Author: Don Yosef Ibn Yechia

1538. Bologna, Italy. Title: Torah Ohr. Hebrew. Author: Don Yosef Ibn Yechia. The Menorah is built up of letters. Source: Link

Kabbala Menorah Italy 1538

1538. Kabbalistic Miscellany. Title: "Elia Chajjim ben Benjamin aus Genazzano, Igeret ḥamudot". Made in Gradoli, Italy. Bayerische Staatsbibliothek München, Germany; Shelfmark: BSB Cod.hebr. 112. Source: Link

Leuchter Menorah Stadtpfarrkirche Fürstenwalde

1538. Bronze chandelier (menorah). Protestant parish church Sankt Marien (Evangelische Stadtpfarrkirche Sankt Marien) in Fürstenwalde (Spree, Germany). Photo date taken: 1920-1940. Bildarchiv Foto Marburg. Source: Link 

Hebrew Bible Biblia Hebraea Latina menorah

1538-1540. Title: "Biblia Hebraea, Chaldæa, Græca & Latina nomina virorum, mulierum, populorum, idolorum..." Language: Latin. Printed in Paris by François Vatable (=Franciscus Vatablus) and Robert Estienne (=Robertus Stephanus). Biblioteca Nazionale Centrale Di Firenze. Source:  Link1,  Link2

English Great Bible by Myles Coverdale

1539-1540. The "Great Bible" was the first authorized edition of the Bible in English, authorized by King Henry VIII of England to be read aloud in the church services of the Church of England. The book was prepared by Myles Coverdale, working under commission of Thomas, Lord Cromwell, Secretary to Henry VIII. But the Menorah inside the Bible has a big mistake because it has only 6 arms/lamps. Source:  Link1,  Link2

Inyan ha-Menorah Judah Ben Benjamin Rüsselsheim Germany

16th century (1558?). Inyan ha-Menorah. Book collection in 10 parts. Language: Hebrew. Writer: Judah Ben Benjamin. Made in Rüsselsheim in Germany. Univ.-Bibliothek Frankfurt/Main, Signature: Ms. hebr. oct. 203. Source:  Link1Link2

kabbalistic menorah

16th century. Title: Collection of halakhic and kabbalistic writings. A series of forms of contracts. The forms show various dates in the closing part of the 16th century. Folio 80r. The British Library, London, England Add. 27128. Source:  Link1,  Link2,  Link3

1540. Bible in Latin. Robert Estienne illustrated with detailed woodcuts of the biblical descriptions of the Tabernacle and menorah

1540. Bible in Latin. Robert Estienne illustrated with detailed woodcuts of the biblical descriptions of the Tabernacle and menorah. As a Bible scholar/publisher Estienne issued 8 editions of the Bible in Latin, 2 in Hebrew and one in French, in addition to 5 editions of the NT in Greek, another 5 in Latin, and 2 in French. Source: Link

Bible norimberská, Nürnberger Bibel von 1540 with Menorah

1540. Bible norimberská. Czech bible printed in Nuremberg (Norimberce, Nürnberg) in Germany. Ppublishing house: "Nákladem slowútného Melchara Kobergera spolu Miesstěnijna w slawného [!] města Nornberka". National Library of the Czech Republic. Google Books. Source: Link

German Bible Menorah Strassburg

1540. German Martin Luther Bible. The Five Books of Moses ("Die fünff Bücher Mose"). Printed in Strassburg by Rihel. WLB Stuttgart, B deutsch 154002. Source: Link 

1541. Latin Bible with menorah image Biblia 16th century

1541. Latin Bible with menorah image. "Biblia insignum historiarum simulachris ... illustrata" (Franciscus Gryphius). A very strange form of the seven-armed candelabrum, because two arms are loctaed below the others. Source: Link

Dessau Cranach Bible Menorah, Dessauer Cranach-Bibel Luther Bibel Menora Hans Lufft Wittenberg

1541. The Dessau Cranach Bible (Dessauer Cranach-Bibel) from the library of Prince George III. von Anhalt (Georg III. von Anhalt-Plötzkau; 1507-1553) is a highlight of German book art. In 1541, the Anhalt princes commissioned the Wittenberg printer Hans Lufft to print single copies of the Lutheran Bible on parchment. The woodcuts were elaborately hand-colored in the workshop of Lucas Cranach (1472-1553) and gold-leafed. Source: Link

German Luther Bible menorah from Wittemberg 16th century

1541. German Martin Luther Bible, printed in Wittemberg. In the 16th century various editions with slightly different Menorah illustrations appeared throughout GermanyTitle: "Biblia: das ist: die gantze Heilige Schrifft: Deudsch Auffs New zugericht. D. Mart. Luth., Gedrueckt zu Wittemberg Durch Hans Lufft. M. D. XLI., Wittenberg". Printed by Hans Lufft. Landesbibliothek Coburg, Shelfmark:  P I 1/10. Source:  Link1  Link2  Link3

Menorah image in German Luther Bible from 1541 printed in Wittenberg by Hans Lufft

1541. German Martin Luther Bible. Title: "Biblia: das ist: die gantze Heilige Schrifft: Deudsch Auffs new zugericht. D. Mart. Luth." Printed in Wittenberg by Hans Lufft. Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin, Preußischer Kulturbesitz, Germany. Source:  Link1Link2

Martin Luther Bible Menorah Wittenberg Germany

1541. Luther Bible. Title: "Biblia: das ist: Die gantze Heilige Schrifft: Deudsch Auffs New zugericht. D. Mart. Luth." Printer: Hans Lufft, Wittenberg, Germany. Halle, Saale: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt. Source:  Link1Link2Link3 

Luther Martin Bible seven armed candlestick Menorah 1541 Luther Bibel

1541. Many Luther Bibles were printed in the 16th century. The pictures and their colors were often different. Title: "Biblia: das ist: Die gantze Heilige Schrifft: Deudsch, Auffs New zugericht". Printed in Wittemberg. BSB-Katalog, Landesbibliothek Coburg, "Lu Ia 1541,5(1/2)#1" and "Lu Ia 1541,6(1/2)#1." Source:  Link1,  Link2  

1548 Luther Biblia Menorah

1541-1558. German Martin Luther Bible, Title: "Biblia, das ist: die gantze Heilige Schrifft: Deudsch". Printed in Wittemberg by Hans Lufft 1548. Österreichische National-Bibliothek, 568284-D ALT MAG. Source:  Link1Link2,    1545   

1541: Low German Bible, Bugenhagen, SWB, Bb niederdt.154102. Source: Link,   1545

1555: Augsburg, Staats- und Stadtbibliothek, 2 Th B VII 55. Source:  Link1Link2 

1556: Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin, 2" Bu 9525-1, VD16 B 2740, Source: Link 

 

Bible Luther Menorah Erfurt Germany

1542. German Luther Bible. Title: "Das Alte Testament aufs neue zugericht." Erfurt, Publisher: Wolfgang Stürmer zu den bunten Lewen bei S. Paul. Württembergische Landesbibliothek (WLB), Signatur: B deutsch 154201, Source: Link  

Menorah in German Martin Luther Bible printed in Wittenberg Biblia

1543-64. German Martin Luther Bible, printed in Wittenberg by Hans Lufft. Title: Biblia: "Das ist: Die gantze Heilige Schrifft: Deudsch Auffs New zugericht. D. Mart." Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin - Preußischer Kulturbesitz, Germany (Shelfmark: 4" Bu 9444). Source: Link

1564. HAAB Weimar, Signatur: Ku 2° III Q - 8. Source: Link 

German Luther Bible 1545 Menorah image

1545. German Luther Bible. Title: "Biblia. Das Ist, Die Gantze Heilige Schrifft, Deudsch Auffs New Zugericht, Wittenberg". Archive. Source: Link 

Bible Biblia Martin Luther Menorah Germany 16th century

1545. German Martin Luther Bible, printed in Wittemberg. In the 16th century, Germany was the land of Bibles; in many cities Protestant and later Catholicism Bibles were printed in high numbers. The Word of God came into the world. Title: "Biblia: das ist: Die gantze Heilige Schrifft: Deudsch, Auffs New zugericht". Bayerische Staatsbibliothek (Bavarian State Library), BSB-ID: 13669053. Landesbibliothek Coburg. Source:  Link1,  Link 2

Menorah in Luther Bible Wittenberg Germany 1545

1545. German Martin Luther Bible. Hans Lufft, the German printing master, worked 1522-1550 in Wittenberg and 1549-1554 in Königsberg. He is mainly known as the printing master of Luther's Bible. He was the first to receive the printing privilege from Prince Albrecht of Prussia. His publishing house was active until 1554 and published 53 titles. Biblioteka Elblaska (Poland), Signature: Ob.6.IV.185. Source: Link

Presentazione al tempio (Presentation at the temple) by Giorgio Vasari with seven-armed menorah

1545 (or 1544?). Presentazione al tempio (Presentation at the temple) by Giorgio Vasari (1511-1574),  an Italian painter, architect, writer, and historian. A small seven-armed Menorah is right at the top of this picture. Napoli, Museo Nazionale di Capodimonte. Source:  Link1Link2

Menorah, "de Aetatibus Mundi" Francisco de Holanda

1545. "De Aetatibus Mundi" Imagines is a literary and pictorial sketchbook. The author of the manuscript and painter of pictures was Francisco de Hollanda (1517-1584). Francisco de Hollanda stayed in Rome, with the Portuguese ambassador from 1538 until 1540. He was a friend of Michelangelo. There were 3 codexes, and the third survives. Biblioteca Digital Hispánica Madrid, Spain, Signatura: DIB/14/26. Source:  Link1Link2Link3Link4  

Menorah in Candelabrum Aureum Tabernaculum. Latin Bible. France. Robert Estienne

1546. Candelabrum Aureum Tabernaculum. In: Latin Bible. France. Robert Estienne (1503?-1559). Title: "Biblia his accesserunt schemata Tabernaculi Mosaici, & Templi Salomonis, quae praeeunte Francisco Vatablo Hebraicarum literarum Regio professore doctissimo..." The seven-branched candlesticks were used to display the biblical 22 almond blossoms. Source:  Link1,  Link2

 Sha'ar HaShamayim Menorah by Rabbi Gershon bar Shlomo

1547. Sha'ar HaShamayim. Regarding birds and animals, mountains and hills, nature, the immortality of the soul, and resurrection. By Rabbi Gershon bar Shlomo. Venice, at Meir Yaakov Ish Parenzo. First edition. The author, Rabbi Gershon of Catalonia, was a 13th-century Spanish sage. Source:  Link1,  Link2Link3Link4 

Meshal ha-Kadmoni Menorah, Rabbi Sahula Venice 1547

1547. Meshal ha-Kadmoni. Author: Sahula, Isaac ben Solomon. Creator: Parentsone, Meʼir ben Yaʻaḳov Strashun, Mathias. Place: Venice (Ṿenetsyah). Publisher: Meʼir ben Yaʻaḳov ish Parents. Parables with moral lessons, written in 1281 by a Castilian Hebrew poet, scholar and Cabalist, as a response to the popular Arabian Nights. To increase its popularity, the book was embellished with  miniature woodcuts, making it the first illustrated Hebrew book ever printed.  Link1Link2Link3Link4  

twelve tribes Aaron Menorah, Stäbe zwölf Stämme Israels, Stab Aarons erblüht

1548. The staffs of the twelve tribes of Israel, only the staff of Aaron blossomed. German title: Die Stäbe der zwölf Stämme Israels, nur der Stab Aarons erblüht. Artist: Augustin Hirschvogel. Dimensions: height x width: 312 x 210 mm (sheet). Place of production: Vienna, Wien, Austria. © Herzog August Bibliothek Wolfenbüttel, Germany; Inventarnummer 26.4 Geom. 2° (6). Source:  Link1Link2

menorah in Dutch'Leuvense Bible or Moerentorf Bijbel

1548. The influence of Luther's work was the reason for the creation of Catholic Bibles. The 'Leuvense Bible' or 'Moerentorf Bijbel' remained the Catholic standard text of the Dutch Bible translation. This work was made by the Leuven Augustine monk Nicolaas van Winghe in 1548. Source: Link

Menorah Title page of Ishtori Haparchi Kaftor Vaferech

1549. Title page of Ishtori Haparchi's Kaftor Vaferech ("Book of Button and Flower"), a Hebrew idiom derived from the description of the menorah in the Temple (Ex 37:17) and means a "work of art". In the context of the book it refers to the lay of the land. In the first Hebrew book printed on the geography of Palestine, 180 locations mentioned in the Bible and Talmudic literature are identified. Ishtori Haparchi (1280-1355) is the pen name of the 14th century Jewish physician and topographer Isaac HaKohen Ben Moses.  Link1,  Link2

Menorah in Czech Bible, Bible Melantrichova, Biblij Cžeská, by Melantrich z Aventina

1549. Czech Bible, Bible Melantrichova, Biblij Cžeská, by Melantrich z Aventina, Jiří (1511-1580 ). "Tento Stary y Nowy Zákon Wytisstěn gest w Menssým Městě Pražském: v Bartholoměge Netholicského nákladem téhož a Giřijka Melantricha Rožďalowského ; we Cžtwrtek przed Kwietnau Nedielj [11.IV.], 1549". Moravian Library in Brno, ST3-0030.270,A. Source:  Link (1549),  Link (1556)Link (1563) 

Woodcuts Hans Lützelburger, Hans Holbein, menorah

1549. Woodcuts mostly by Hans Lützelburger after designs by Hans Holbein (1497-1543). Title: "Icones historiarum Veteris Testamenti. The images of the Old Testament lately expressed, set forthe in Ynglishe and Frenche vuith a playn and brief exposition." "Printid at Lyons : by Iohan Frellon, the yere of our lord God, 1549." Folger Shakespeare Library. Early English Books Online, number: STC (2nd ed.) / 3045. Source: Link 

Catholic Johannes Eck Bible Menorah

1550. The Catholic Church has forbidden German translations. But when the Luther Bible was widespread, the Catholic Church also had to publish its own Bibles to prevent people from reading the Protestant Bibles. Johannes Eck produced a counter-Bible to Martin Luther. Title: "Bibel, Alt vnd new Testament: nach dem Text in der hailigen Kirchen gebraucht". Bayerische Staatsbibliothek. Source:  Link1,  Link2, Link3 

1550. German Catholic Counter Bible to Luther by Johannes Dietenberger. In the edition of 1534 the same illustration was used, but mirror-inverted (see above). Printed in Cologne (Cöln) by Johann Quentel. ÖNB, MF 5215, Source:  Link1Link2, Link3-1556

Menorah Dietenberger Luther Bibel

1550. The Protestant Luther Bible (left) and the Catholic correction Bible to Luther by Johann Dietenberger (right) use the same illustrations. Sometimes the illustrations were simply mirror inverted, so that Catholic and Protestant Bibles at least differ slightly.

Source Luther, printed in Nuremberg: Link1,  Link2Link3  

Source Dietenberger, printed in Cologne:  Link1, Link2Link3 

Joodse mannen in een tempel, Jewish men Temple menorah, van Trente

1550-1649. Jewish men in a temple. Life of Simon van Trente (serial title). Original title: "Joodse mannen in een tempel. Leven van Simon van Trente (serietitel)." Interior of a temple with men around a bowl filled with fish. Possibly it concerns the Jewish men who plan the kidnapping of Simon van Trente. In the middle two animals and a menorah. Print maker: anonymous. Place manufacture Italy. Rijksmuseum Amsterdam. Source:  Link1Link2Link3

Lampstand Menorah and Bread of Presence. Luther Bible, Biblia Menorah

1550. Lampstand (Menorah) and Bread of Presence. Title: "Biblia : das ist, die gantze heylige Schrifft : Deudsch. Auffs new zugericht / D. Mart. Luth." Author: Luther, Martin (1483-1546). Geographical Region: Germany--Nuremberg. Source: Link

Biblia German Luther Bible with menorah

1551. German Martin Luther Bible. Title: "Biblia Das ist: Die gantze heilige Schrifft: Deudsch". Printed by Hans Lufft. Bayerische Staatsbibliothek, Landesbibliothek Coburg (Germany). Source:  Link1,  Link2

table bread seven-branched lampstand candlestick menorah Wolfenbüttel woodcut 16th century

1551-1600. The table for the consecrated bread and the seven-branched lampstand menorah (Ex 25:23-40). Printmaking, woodcut, artist unknown. Dimensions: height x width: 114 x 150 mm (sheet) & 113 x 149 mm (plate). Germany, © Herzog August Bibliothek Wolfenbüttel, Inventarnummer Graph. Res. B: 217.23. Source:  Link1Link2

Latin Bible Biblia Sacra with menorah 16th century

1551. Latin Bible "Biblia sacra, ex postremis doctorum omnium vigilijs, ad Hebraicam veritatem, [et] probatissimoru[m] exemplarium fidem : cum argumentis, Indice, et hebraicorum nominum interpratationem". Author: Giunta, Jacques ed. Biblioteca Digital Hispanica. Source: Link

La Sainte Bible Menorah French

1551. "La Sainte Bible, avec les figures et pourtraits du tabernacle de Moyse et du temple de Salomon, et maison du Liban. 1". Language: French. Lyon. Provenance: Bibliothèque nationale de France. Source: Bibliothèque municipale de Lyon, FC076. Source:  Link1Link2 

Menorah German Bible images. Biblia veteris testamenti

1551-1553. German Bible with many images. Title: "Biblia veteris testamenti et historiae Artificiosis picturis effigiata. Biblische Historien, Künstlich Fürgemalet." Printed in Frankfurt/Main by Hermann Gülfferich. Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin, Preußischer Kulturbesitz, Germany, P_Drucke_VD16. Source:  Link1Link2Link3

Bible menorah, Fugger's Venetian Bible Commentaries, 1552

1552. Fugger's Venetian Bible Commentaries. Yishai ben Yehiel, Meir, Eliezer. Collection: Germany, Munich, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek (BSB), Shelf mark: Cod.hebr. 47, Fol. 266, (Steinschneider 1895, No. 47). Photo: The Center for Jewish Art, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem. Source: Link

Blossoming of Aaron's Rod, Augustin Hirschvogel, menorah, Etching. Rosenwald Collection

Before 1553. The Blossoming of Aaron's Rod, as in Numbers 17:23. Artist: Augustin Hirschvogel (1503-1553) from Germany. German text from Numeri 17: "Speak unto the children of Israel, and take of them rods, one for each fathers' house... 12 rods... the rod of the man whom I shall choose shall bud: and I will make to cease from me the murmurings of the children of Israel..."  Etching. Rosenwald Collection, Accession No.1950.17.115. National Gallery of Art, USA. Source:  Link1Link2Link3

1553 Catholic German Johann Dietenberger Bible with menorah image

1553-1600. Catholic German Bible from Johann Dietenberger. The Catholic Church has allowed only the Latin Vulgate for centuries and severely punished many translators. But the Reformers forced the church to publish its own Bibles to prevent people from reading Protestant Bibles. Title: "Catholische Bibel, das ist, alle Bücher der H. Schrift, beides des Alten und Neuen Testaments". Printed in Köln by Arnold Quentell. Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin, Preußischer Kulturbesitz.  Link1  Link2  Link3  Link4  Link5

Paradin Menorah, Quadrins historiques de la Bible

1553-1583. "Quadrins historiques de la Bible. Reveus, & augmentés d'un grand nombre de figures." Author: Claude Paradin. Language: French. Publisher: In Lion (Lugduni) by Jean de Tournes. Bibliothèque nationale de France, département Réserve des livres rares, RES-YE-1799.

Source:  Link1-1553Link2-1558,  Link3-1560,  Link4-1583,  Link5-1583

Solomon pray for wisdom Temple menorah, wijsheid Salomo menora

1554-1595. "Salomo bidt tot God om wijsheid. Verhaal van Salomo." Solomon prays to God for wisdom. Story of Solomon (series title). Rijksmuseum. Source:  Link1Link2

menorah in German Martin Luther Bible. Title: "Biblia, das ist die ganze heilige Schrifft, year 1555

1555. German Martin Luther Bible. Title: "Biblia, das ist die ganze heilige Schrifft. Deudsch. Doct. Mart. Luther. Wittemberg. Gedruckt durch Hans Lufft 1555." This Bible was printed after the death of Martin Luther (1483-1546), but still strictly preserves its processed text. It is also based on earlier editions, especially from the 1550 issue. Manuscriptorium.com, Shelfmark: L-6687 (evidenčné číslo L-6687), Source: Link1Link2

Hermes Menorah, Mason Menorah, Freemason

1555. (Masonic) Drawing for the emblem "Silentio Deum Cole" in the Symbolicarum quaestionum by Achille Bocchi (humanist). Depicts Hermes who mentions silence with the index finger of the right hand brought to his mouth. Hermes is an Olympian god in Greek religion and mythology, the son of Zeus and the Pleiad Maia, and the second youngest of the Olympian gods (Dionysus being the youngest). Washington, DC, National Gallery of Art. Bibliothèque municipale de Lyon (I16BON004758). Source:  Link1,  Link2,  Link3

Drawn by Federico Zuccaro. The Dormition of the Virgin with menorah

1557-1609. Drawn by: Federico Zuccaro. The Dormition of the Virgin, study for a fresco; interior with the Virgin lying on a wooden structure, surrounded by figures including one holding a menorah, several reading and one holding a palm leaf Pen and brown ink and brown wash, heightened with white (partly oxidised), squared for transfer, on brown prepared paper. Dimensions: Height: 349 mm, Width: 271 mm. The British Museum, number 1949,0812.9. Source: Link

1560 Geneva Bible Menorah English Protestantism William Shakespeare

1560-1569. The Geneva Bible is one of the most historically significant translations of the Bible into English, preceding the King James Version by 51 years. It was the primary Bible of 16th-century English Protestantism and was the Bible used by William Shakespeare. Source:  Link1,  Link2

Froschauer Bible Froschouer Menorah image by Hans Holbein Zürich, Switzerland

1560. Froschauer Bible (Christoffel Froschouer), printed in Zürich, Switzerland. The pictures ware created by Holbein, Hans (1497-1543). Title: "Die gantze Bibel, das ist, Alle Bücher alts und neüws Testaments / den ursprünglichen Spraachen nach auffs aller treüwlichest verteütschet." Language: German. Zentralbibliothek Zürich, VD 16 B 2751, Vischer C 562. Source:  Link1Link2

Virgil Solis Menorah Biblische Figuren

1560. Woodcuts by Virgil Solis (Wikipedia). Titel: "Biblische Figuren des alten vnd Newen Testaments gantz künstlich gerissen" ("Biblical figures of the Old and New Testaments torn quite artificially"). Printed in Frankfurt (Franckfurt) am Main by Zephelius. VD16 S 6973.  Source:  Link1Link2,    ÖNB, 27.R.16,   Link2  

Edition 1562 (VD16 S 6974):  Link1Link2,             ÖNB, 27.Nn.97 

Edition 1565 (VD16 ZV 24348):  Link1Link2,        ÖNB, 19.R.30   

Seven-armed candelabrum Menorah image in Luther Bible Germany

1560. Beautiful Luther Bible with many very colored pictures and a Menorah image that is different from other Bibles. Title: "Biblia Das ist Die gantze Heylige Schrifft Teutsch : Sampt einem Register vnd schönen Figuren / D. Mart. Lut." Printed in Frankfurt am Main (Franckfurt am Mayn) by Dauid Zephelium, Johann Raschen and Sigmund Feyerabend. Badische Landesbibliothek Karlsruhe, Germany. Signatur 42 C 38 RH. Source:  Link1Link2

Luther Menorah Bible 1560

1560. German Luther Bible. Title: "Biblia, Das ist die gantze Heylige Schrifft, Teutsch" (Bible, This is the Whole Scripture, German"). Contains elaborately coloured woodcuts by Virgil Solis (Wikipedia). Frankfurt am Main, Publisher: Zephelius. bayerische Staatsbibliothek, BSB-Katalog -> Rar. 359; VD16 B 2747. Source:  Link1,   Link2  

Golden Menorah Image Luther Bible 1560

1560-61. German Martin Luther Bible. Title: "Biblia. Das ist Die gantze Heylige Schrifft Teutsch" ("Bible. This is The Whole Holy Scripture German"). Printed in Frankfurt (Franckfurt) am Main, Publisher: Publisher: Zöpfel; Rasch; Feyerabend. Bayerische Staatsbibliothek, BSB-Katalog -> Rar. 360-1; VD16 B 2748. Source:  Link1Link2 

Menorah Bible Luther 1560 Wittemberg

1560-61. German Luther Bible. Such luxuriously decorated Bibles were popular representational objects at the courts of nobility and princes. The coloured woodcuts come from the workshop of Lucas Cranach the Younger. Title: "Biblia. Das ist: Die gantze heilige Schrifft Deudsch" ("Bible. That is: The whole holy scripture German"), Wittemberg, Printer: Hans Lufft. Bayerische Staatsbibliothek, BSB-Katalog -> 2 L.impr.membr. 21-1; VD16 B 2750. Source: Link 

Menorah image black and white in German Luther Bible printed in Frankfurt

1561-1565. German Martin Luther Bible. The Catholic Bible of Dietenberger 1553 (see above) and the Protestant Luther Bible contained the same illustrations. Title: "Biblia. Das ist Die gantze Heylige Schrifft Teutsch. D. Mart. Luth. Sampt einem Register vnd schoenen Figuren." Printed in Frankfurt/Main. Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin, Preußischer Kulturbesitz, Germany. Source:  Link1Link2Link3Link4  

1565 "Biblische Figuren deß Alten Testaments" by Virgil Solis. Source:  Link 

Polish Bible Menorah Krakow Scharffenberg 1561

1561. Polish Bible from Krakow. Title: "Biblia to iest. Kxięgi Stharego y Nowego Zakonu na Polski ięzyk [...] według Łacińskiey Bibliey od Kościoła Krześciańskiego powszechnego przyięthey nowo wyłożona [...] [przez Jana Leopolitę]." Publisher: Scharffenberg Marek, Dziedzice, Kraków. Several printers from Germany developed book printing in Poland, especially in Krakow. Many pictures were previously used in German, Swiss and Dutch Bibles. Rights: PAN Biblioteka Kórnicka. Source: Link

 Seven-armed Menorah in German Martin Luther Bible from 1562

1562. Seven-armed Menorah in German Martin Luther Bible. Title: "Biblia: Das ist: Die gantze heilige Schrifft: Deudsch / Doct. Mart. Luth." Printed in Wittemberg by Hans Lufft. Badische Landesbibliothek Karlsruhe, Signatur: 50 C 18 RH. Source: Link

Mishnah Seder Kodshim menorah

1562. (MISHNAH)  Seder Kodshim. Deluxe wide-margined copy, printed entierely on blue paper. Numerous woodcut diagrams, double-page plan of the Temple at end. ff. 122, (1). Stained and dampsoiled, few marginal repairs. Modern blind-tooled crushed morocco, slip-case. Lg. 4to. Vinograd, Mantua 80; Mehlman 106. Jacob Cohen of Gazolo, Mantua: 1562. Kestenbaum. Source: Link

Geneva Bible Menorah, William Whittingham 1562, 1561

1562, i.e. 1561. Menorah on the title page of the Geneva version, translated by William Whittingham, Anthony Gilby, Thomas Sampson. Printed at Geneva. Title: "The Bible and Holy Scriptures conteyned in the Olde and Newe Testament. Translated according to the Ebrue and Greke, and conferred with the best translations in diuers languges. VVith moste profitable annotations vpon all the hard places..." University of Illinois. Early English Books Online, number: STC (2nd ed.) / 2095. Source: Link

Polish Bible, Biblia Brzeska Menorah, Poland, Biblia swięta

1563. Polish "Biblia Brzeska." Title: "Biblia swięta, tho iest, Księgi Starego y Nowego Zakonu, wlasnie z Zydowskiego, Greckiego, y Łaćińskiego, nowo na Polski ięzyk z pilnośćią y wiernie wylożone." Publisher: Radziwiłł Mikołaj "Czarny", Brześć Litewski. Rights: PAN Biblioteka Kórnicka. Source: Link 

Figures de la Bible Menorah

1564. Figures from the Bible. Language: French. Title: "Figures de la Bible, illustrees de huictains / ed. par Gueroult ; ill. de Pierre Vase." Illustrator: Pierre Eskrich (1520?-159.?). Bibliothèque municipale de Lyon, FC085. Source: Link 

Woodcuts with biblical figures and menorah by Caspar Scheyd, Claude Paradin, Berhard Salomon, Lyon

1564. Woodcuts with biblical figures and German explanatory text. Title: "Wol gerissnen und geschnidten Figuren ausz der Bibel." The Menorah has a clear structure and 22 "flower sketches" of the almond blossoms. Original French text by Claude Paradin, translated by Caspar Scheyd; woodcuts by Berhard Salomon. Printed in Lyon (France) by Hans Tornesius. Zentralbibliothek Zürich (Switzerland), Rv 92: b. ERARA. Source:  Link1Link2

1564. German Luther Bible. Printed in Wittenberg by Johann Krafft. Reface by August Duke of Saxony. On the title page a woodcut portrait of the Saxon prince August. Contains numerous woodcut initials and Bible scenes. The Bible was damaged by bark beetles. Two-column print. The Bible was purchased by the Gymnasial-Bibliothek in Elbing. Biblioteka Elblaska (Poland). Source:  Link1Link2 

Jenaer Kampfbibel Menorah 1564

1564. German Luther Bible, Printed in Jena (Jhena), Germany. This Bible was an attempt to compete with the Bibles made in Wittemberg. In addition, the opponents of the Reformation were to be fought. It was therefore also called the "Jenaer Kampfbibel" (Jena Battle Bible). Title: "Biblia. Das ist Die ganze Heilige Schrift". BSB-Katalog -> Res/2 B.g.luth. 81; VD16 B 2761. Source:  Link1Link2 

Luther Bible with menorahs in tabernacle of Moses and Temple of Solomon

1564. Beautiful illustration of the tabernacle of Moses and the Temple of Solomon in Jerusalem with its Menorahs. German Martin Luther Bible. Title: "Biblia, Das ist: Die gantze Heylige Schrifft, Teutsch. Sampt einem Register, Summarien vber alle Capittel, vnd schönen Figuren". Printed in Frankfurt am Main (Franckfurt am Mayn). Univ.-Bibliothek Frankfurt. Signatur: Ausst. 281 Bd. 1. Source: Link

1565 Biblia Germanicolatina Luther Menorah Wittenberg

1565. Biblia germanicolatina. Latin Vulgata and German Martin Luther translation. Printed in Wittenberg (Germany) by Johann Schwertel. Kramerius. Source: Link

Menorah 1565. Biblia Germanicolatina German Martin Luther Latin Vulgata Wittenberg

1565. Biblia Germanicolatina. German Martin Luther translation and Latin Vulgata. Printed in Wittenberg by Johann Schwertel. Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin, Preußischer Kulturbesitz, Germany, VD16 B 2673. Source:  Link1Link2 

Froschauer Bible Zürich Menorah image in color

1565. Froschauer-Bible. Title: "Die gantze Bibel, das ist alle Bücher Alts und Neüws Testaments den ursprünglichen Spraachen nach auffs aller treüwlichest verteütschet: darzuo ist yetzund kommen ein volkomner Zeiger der gantzen Bibel, sampt gwüssen Condordanzen, Argumenten und schönen Figuren." Language: German. Printed in Zürich (Switzerland) by "Chrystoffel Froschouer." Zentralbibliothek Zürich, Bibl 137. Source:  Link1Link2

menorah in Candelabrum Aureum Tabernaculi, Biblia sacra

1566. "Candelabrum Aureum Tabernaculi" In: "Biblia sacra, ad optima quaeque veteris, et vulgatae translationis exemplaria summa diligentia, parique fide castigata. Cum Hebraicorum, Caldaeorum & Graecorum nominum interpretatione..." Language: Latin. The Old Testament illustrations are by Pierre Eskrich (1530-1590). Printed in Lyon (=Lugduni; Lione) by Guliel. Rouillium (=Guillaume Rouillé). Source:  Link1,  Link2

Latin Bible 1566 Menorah Lyon France

1566. Latin Bible, partly coloured, printed in Lyon (Lvgdvni, France) by Frellonius (Apud Ioannem Frellonium). With woodcut printer's mark, 2 woodcut maps (1 partly coloured), 5 folded tables, as well as numerous text woodcuts (occasionally coloured or partly coloured). Title: "Biblia sacra veteris et novi testamenti, Iuxta vulgatum editionum maiori quam antehac unquam doctorum studio..." Source: Link 

English Bishops Bible Menorah 16th century

1568. English Bishops Bible. This Bible is the work of the bishops, produced under the authority of the established Church of England in 1568. It was substantially revised in 1572, and the 1602 edition was prescribed as the base text for the King James Bible that was completed in 1611. Source:  Link1,  Link2,  Link3,  Link4 

 

Menorah Tabernacle 1569 German Luther Bible Printed in Frankfurt

1569. German Luther Bible. Printed in Frankfurt am Main. Title: "Biblia Das ist Die gantze Heylige Schrifft Teutsch. D.Mart.Luth. Sampt einem Register Summarien vber alle Capitel vnd schoenen Figuren." Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin, Preußischer Kulturbesitz, Germany (Shelfmark: 2" Bu 9566). Source: Link

Menorah image in English Bible by Jean Crespin, printed 1569 in Geneva Geveve

1569. English Bible by Jean Crespin. Title: "The Bible and Holy Scriptures conteyned in the Olde and Newe Testament. Translated according to the Ebrue and Greke, and conferred with the best translations in divers languages..." Printed in Geneva. Bibliothèque de Genève, Bb 2247. ERARA. Source:  Link1Link2

Menorah in The Dispute in the Temple by Jan van Doetichum

1571-1573. The Dispute in the Temple by Jan van Doetichum. Jesus Christ disputes with the scribes in the temple; he counts his arguments on his fingers. Place of production: Antwerp. Dutch scool. Herzog August Bibliothek Wolfenbüttel, Germany. Source: Link

Menorah in Neuwe Biblische Figuren. Künstlich vnd artig gerissen, Jost Amman from 1571 and 1576

1571 and 1579. German Book with pictures about the Bible. Title: "Neuwe Biblische Figuren. Künstlich vnd artig gerissen, durch den sinn vnd kunstreichen auch weitberühmte[n] Jost Amman, von Zürych, mit schönen Teutschen Reimen, welche den gantzen in[n]halt einer jeden Figur vnd Capitel kurtz begreiffen, zuvor dergleichen nie im Druck außgangen." Print made by: Jost Amman Prublisher: Sigmund Feyerabend, Printed in Frankfurt (Franckfurt am Mayn). Source:  Link1Link2Link3

Martin Luther Bible Menorah Biblia German

1572. German Martin Luther Bible. Title: "Biblia. Das ist die gantze heilige Schrifft Deudsch." Printed in Wittenberg by Johann Krafft. Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt, Halle, Saale, B 2778. SWB, Bb deutsch 157202. Source:  Link1Link2 Link3  

Menorah in Biblia Candelabrum Aureum Tabernaculi

1573. "Candelabrum Aureum Tabernaculi" In: "Biblia: Ae vetustissima exemplaria nunc rechens castigata, romaeque revisa: in quibus praeterea..." Latin medieval Bible Leaf depicting the Menorah. Published by Guliel Rouillius in Lyon (=Lugduni; Lugdunum). Woodcuts by Pierre Eskrich, one depicting the menorah. Bayerische Staatsbibliothek, Germany, Signatur: Th B V 71. Source:  Link1,  Link2,  Link3

Jan Wierix, Story of the Maccabees, Menorah image

1574. The story of the Maccabees by Johannes Wierix or Jan Wierix (1549 – ca. 1620), a Flemish engraver, draughtsman and publisher. He was a very accomplished engraver who made prints after his own designs as well as designs by local and foreign artists. Source:  Link1Link2 

Biblia Germanicolatina Menorah 1574

1574.  Biblia Germanicolatina. Parallel Bible in two columns: Latin Bible and German Martin Luther Translation. Wittenberg, Publisher: by Johann Krafft for Samuel Selfisch. Co-actors: Paul Crell, Paul Eber, Georg Maior. Bayerische Staatsbibliothek. BSB-Katalog -> ESlg/4 B.g.luth. 37-1; VD16 B 2674. Source:  Link1Link2  

Seven armed  candelabrum Menorah in German Catholic Bible by Johann Dietenberger, Catholische Bibell

1575. German Catholic Bible by Johann Dietenberger. The Catholic Church has used the same images as the Protestant Luther Bible and the English Bishops Bible (1568). Title: "Catholische Bibell. Das ist alle bücher der H. Schrifft beide Alts vñ Newen Testaments: nach Alter in Christlicher Kyrche gehabter Traslation trewlich verteutscht vnd mit vielen heilsamen Annotaten erleuchtet". Printed in Cologne (Köln) by Johann (Erben) Quentel. Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt. Link,  (1621 Link)

menorah images in Biblical figures with German text. Title: Neue Künstliche Figuren Biblischer Historien

1576. Biblical figures with German text. Title: "Neue Künstliche Figuren Biblischer Historien: Und zu Gotsförchtiger ergetzung andachtiger Hertzen mit artigen Reimen begriffen durch J. F. G. M / grüntlich von Tobia Stimmer gerissen. The strange thing is: The female figures are only lightly clothed" Printed in Basel (Switzerland) by Thoma Gwarin. Universitätsbibliothek Basel, BibG C 737. ERARA. Source:  Link1Link2

Menorah in The seven Sacraments of the Roman Catholic Church. print maker: Philips Galle, Antwerp

1576. The seven Sacraments of the Roman Catholic Church. print maker: Philips Galle, Antwerp. Measurements: h 255 mm × w 191 mm,  h 375 mm × w 275 mm. Rijksmuseum. Source: Link

Alessandro Allori, Christ and the Adulteress, oil on panel with menorah image

1577. Alessandro Allori, Christ and the Adulteress, oil on panel, 380 x 263.5 cm, Florence, Basilica of Santo Spirito. Alessandro Allori (Alessandro di Cristofano di Lorenzo del Bronzino Allori; 1535‒1607) was an Italian portrait painter of the late Mannerist Florentine school. Source:  Link1Link2

Gottfried von Bouillon, Godfrey of Bouillon, menorah, Engraver Tobias Stimmer

1577. Title: Gottfried von Bouillon (Godfrey of Bouillon). Engraver: Tobias Stimmer. Place of manufacture: Basel, Switzerland. Dimensions: height x width: 220 x 160 mm (sheet) & 146 x 115 mm (plate). Godfrey of Bouillon  (1060-1100) was a commander in the First Crusade; After the conquest of Jerusalem, he became the first regent of the newly founded kingdom of Jerusalem, but rejected the royal dignity. © Herzog Anton Ulrich-Museum Braunschweig. Source:  Link1Link2

Latin Bible Menorah Basel 1578

1578. Latin Bible. First edition of the Vulgate with the small-format series of fine woodcuts by the Schaffhausen artist Tobias Stimmer (1539-84). With maps of the Holy Land, Mediterranean Sea and Paradise. Title: "Biblia sacra Veteris et Novi Testamenti, secundum editionem Vulgatam." Basel: Guarinus. Reiss & Sohn. Source: Link 

Geneva-Bible Menorah Geneve French Bible

1580. Geneva-Bible. Lanuage: French. Title: "La Bible, qui est toute la saincte Escriture: contenant la vieil et le nouveau Testament, ou la vieille et la nouvelle Alliance: on a adjousté en ceste edition entre autres choses, les argumens sur chacun livre, figures, cartes, tant chrorographiques que autres..." Printed in Genève by Jacob Stoer. Zentralbibliothek Zürich, ERARA. Source:  Link1Link2

menorah Julien Le Paulmier, Brief speech of the preservation

1580. Title page of the book "Brief speech of the preservation, and curation of the plague." Language: French. Title: "Bref discours de la praeservation, et curation de la peste." Author: Julien Le Paulmier (1520-1588); Publisher: A Caen, chez Pierre le Chandelier. Bibliothèque nationale de France, département Réserve des livres rares, 8-TE30-70. Source: Link

Christian van Adrichom, Temple Solomon Menorah, Jerusalem

1584. Christian van Adrichom (1533-1585): The Temple of Solomon (detail; Köln, Germany). From: ''JERVSALEM et suburbia eius, sicut tempore Christi floruit...'' Engraving, handcolored, 52,0 x 74.9 cm - Kyram Collection. The Menorah has the shape of a tree of life and the almond blossoms are sketched. Source: Link

Bible menorah, German Bible by Ambrosius Lobwasser with menorah image, seven-branched candlestick without round arms

1584. German Bible by Ambrosius Lobwasser. Title: "Biblia, darinnen die Summarien aller Kapitel der ganzen heiligen Schrift mit sonderlichem Fleiß in deutsche Reime verfasset." This seven-branched candlestick has no round arms. Printed in Leipzig. Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin - Preußischer Kulturbesitz, Germany. Source:  Link1,  Link2

Or Nerot ha-Menorah le-ha’ir ha… Produced in Venice, Italy

1584. Title: "Or Nerot ha-Menorah le-ha’ir ha…" Produced in Venice, Italy. Universitätsbibliothek Erlangen-Nürnberg, Shelfmark: A I 8. Source: Link 

Biblia Menorah and Tabernacle German Luther Bible printed in Frankfurt

1585. German Luther Bible. Title: "Biblia. Das ist Die gantze heilige Schrifft Teutsch. D.Mart.Luth. Sampt einem vollkommenen Register Summarien vber alle Capitel vnd schönen Figuren." Printed in Frankfurt/Main by Christian Egenolffs Erben (1555-1667). Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin - Preußischer Kulturbesitz, Signature: 2" Bu 9586. Source: Link

Menorah  German book about the tabernacle from the Old Testament 1586

1586. German book about the tabernacle. Title: "Die Stiffthuette Altes Testaments mit jhrer austeilung zugehoerendem Gereth vnd Kleinodien auch jhrer geistlichen bedeutung. Beschrieben Durch M. Johannem Pomarium zu S. Peter in der Altenstadt Magdeburgk Pfarherrn." Printed in Magdeburg. Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin, Preußischer Kulturbesitz, Germany, P_Drucke_VD16. Source: Link

Frans Francken Jesus among doctors menorah

1586-87. Frans Francken: "Jesus among the doctors". The small menorah is located near the face of Jesus (on the right we have made an enlargement). Onze-Lieve-Vrouwe Kathedraal. Source:  Link1Link2  

Catholic Bible Menorah from Johann Dietenberger, printed in Cologne, Germany

1587. Catholic German Bible by Johann Dietenberger (1475-1537). Title: "Bibell : das ist alle Bücher Alts und News Testament nach alter in christlicher Kyrchen gehabter Translation trewlich verteutschte und mit vielen heilsamen Annotaten erleucht, durch D. Johan Dietenberger; jetzt an vielen Orten corrigiert und gebessert, mit schönen kunstreichen Figuren geziert und fleissiger dann je vorhin aussgangen. Printed in Köln by Johan Quentels. ERARA, VD16 B 2804. Source: Link

Lampstand German Luther Bible. Biblia, heilige Schrift Menorah

1588 and 1596. German Luther Bible, printed in Neustadt/Haardt. Title: "Biblia, das ist die ganze heilige Schrift, deutsch BIBLIA Das ist: Die gantze heilige Schrifft Teutsch. Doct. Martin Luther. Jetz und ... in ... Versicul abgetheilet/ vnd darauff gerichtete Summarien vnd Lehren jedes Capitels/ Concordantzen Chronicken Landtaffeln vnd Figuren verbessert vnd gemehret..." Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin - Preußischer Kulturbesitz, Germany (Shelfmark 4" Bu 9610). Source:  Link1Link2 

Barther Bible Menorah 1588

1588. The Barth Bible (German: Barther Bibel) shows the text of the Luther Bible in Low German translation. Title: "Biblia Dat is: De gantze hillige Schrifft Düdesch." Copyright: Evangelische Kirchengemeinde St. Marien in Barth. Source: Link

The Presentation of Christ in the Temple by Adriaen Collaert with menorah image and virgin Mary

1588-1590. The Presentation of Christ in the Temple by Adriaen Collaert, Dutch school. Serie: The Life of the Virgin. Sheet: 195 x 135 mm. Herzog August Bibliothek Wolfenbüttel, Germany. Souce: Link

seven-armed candlestick Menorah image from Luther Bible Germany

1590. Martin Luther Bible. Langage: German. Title: "Biblia Das ist Die gantze Heilige Schrifft Deudsch. D. Mart. Luther." Printed in Wittenberg by Johann Krafft. Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin, Preußischer Kulturbesitz, Germany. Source:  Link1Link2

 

 Latin-German Images Bible with menorah. Nouæ Tobiae Stimmeri Sacrorvm Bibliorvm figuræ

1590. Latin-German Images Bible (Nouæ Tobiae Stimmeri Sacrorvm Bibliorvm figuræ: Versibvs Latinis & Germanicis exposita: Newe Biblische Figuren, durch Tobiam Stim[m]er gerissen. Mit Lateinischen vnnd Teutschen Versen ausgelegt). Printed in Strassburg (Germany at that time, now France). ÖNB, Österreichische National Bibliothek. Source:  Link1,  Link2Link3,  Link4

Sefer Be'urim, on Rashi commentary Torah, Rabbi Natan Shapira Horodna

1590-1597. Sefer Be'urim, on Rashi commentary on the Torah, by Rabbi Natan Shapira from Horodna. Contains several illustrations: map of land of Israel, ladder of Ya’akov, Menorah of the Temple... This is a forged book. At the height of the printing of the original book Imrei Shefer in Krakow, this commentary, whose author is unknown, was printed in the name of Rabbi Natan Shapiro, as related by his son in the introduction of the book Imrei Shefer. This resulted in the banning of the book by rabbis of Poland. Kedem Auctions. Source: Link

The Marriage of the Virgin by Ludovico Carracci with Menorah and Holy Spirit

1590 (ca.). The Marriage of the Virgin by Ludovico Carracci (1555-1619). Dimensions: 40 × 34 cm (15.7 × 13.3 in). This tiny and exquisite painting shows Ludovico's art at its most delicate. The Holy Spirit is seen descending upon the marriage of the Virgin Mary to Joseph, whose rod has symbolically burst into flower. The work was once attributed to Annibale Carracci, but the shape of the Virgin's head, the drapery folds and details like the dog are typical of Ludovico. Source:  Link1Link2

minhogim book, man light menorah, Hebrew Sefer minhagim, Book of Customs with menorah Hanukkah

1593 (5453). A Minhagim book (minhogim bukh), Hebrew: "Sefer minhagim" (translation: "a Book of Customs"). It contains descriptions of Jewish liturgical and other practices in connection with holidays etc. The author of the original Hebrew text was the Austrian-Hungarian Rabbi Isaac Türnau. These Menorah and those of 1611, 1662, 1669 have seven arms. Place of origin: Venice, Italy. The printer was Juan di Gara. The Royal Library, National Library of Denmark. Source:  Link1Link2

Menorah Beurim al ha-eshel ha-gadol Rashi by Natan Ashkenazi ben Shimshon, Judea

1593. Beurim al ha-eshel ha-gadol Rashi zal. Shapira by Natan Ashkenazi ben Shimshon (called Natan Spira, ca. 1490-1577). Full page woodcut illustration of a Hebrew candelabra, full page woodcut map of ancient Judea. It is interesting to see how the almond blossoms were positioned. Published by Bernardo Giustiniani; Matteo Zanetti, Venice. Source: Link

Menorah Image in Luther Bible 1597 Wittenberg Germany

1597. German Luther Bible. Printed in Wittenberg by Samuel Seelfisch, Lorenz Säuberlich. Title: "Biblia Das ist Die gantze heilige Schrifft: Deudsch. Doct. Mart. Luth: Mit den Summarien M. Viti Ditterichs vnd einem gantzen nuetzlichen Register auch in gewisse verß abgeteilet nach der Bibel Anno 45. Corrigieret". Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin, VD16 ZV 1528. Source: Link

Judaica Metal Menorah Ukraine

16th-18th century. Judaica menorah. Judaism fragment from antique Hanukkah native art Europe, Ukraine metal; 36x28x2 mm. Source: Link


Menorah Pictures from other Centuries:

Until the 1st,   2nd,   3rd,   4th,   5th,   6th-10th,   11th-13th,   14th,   15th,    17th,   18th,   19th,   20th,   21st   Century

 

Coins,       Menorah Oil Lamps,       WW2

 


Note: It's nice to see the menorah pictures. However, according to the Bible Jesus (Hebrew Yeshua) is the true spiritual meaning behind the physical Menorah. He is the true and eternal spiritual light: "I am the light of the world. Whoever follows me will never walk in darkness, but will have the light of life" (John 8:12). The menorah also symbolizes the Tree of Life, because Jesus is the way to life: "I am the way, and the truth, and the life. No one comes to the Father except through me" (John 14:6). Jesus' Word and the Bible are the light in this world. "Your word is a lamp to my feet and a light to my path" (Ps 119:105 and John 1:1-17).

 

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